Prefecture-level city · Anhui

Bozhou 亳州市

Bozhou (亳州市) lies in the northwest of Anhui (安徽) on the flat Huang–Huai Plain (黄淮平原), bordering Henan (河南) to the north and crossed from northwest to southeast by the Guo River (涡河), a tributary of the Huai. The provincial government calls it the 'medicine capital' (药都), one of China's four great herb centres since ancient times.

Location of Anhui, the surrounding province-level areaView province guide

Get to know Bozhou

Bozhou railway station (亳州站), seen from its forecourt.
Bozhou railway station (亳州站), seen from its forecourt. Photograph date recorded by the source: 2025-04-24 15:19:32. · Jeremy Thompson · CC BY 2.0
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Administrative area
Prefecture-level city · 地级市
Part of
Anhui
Chinese name
亳州市
Local areas
4 local areas

Area & population

Area in the source
8,522.58 km²
Population · 2020 census
4,996,844
Administrative seat
Qiaocheng District

Source: cited geographic source, as of the dates shown.

Setting and landscape

The land is almost level and tilts gently to the southeast; only a dozen or so limestone knolls, among them Longshan (龙山) and Shigong Shan (石弓山), rise in the east. Meandering rivers and repeated southward floods of the Yellow River have left low ridges, slopes and saucer-shaped hollows across the plain. Bozhou sits on the Qinling–Huai climate line, where subtropical and temperate monsoon climates meet.

History

The provincial government traces the city to about 3,700 years ago, when King Tang of Shang (商汤) set up his capital at Bo (亳). Later called Qiao (谯), it was designated an auxiliary capital by the Cao Wei state in 221, and the name Bozhou dates from 579. The city government names Cao Cao (曹操), Laozi (老子), Zhuangzi (庄子), the physician Hua Tuo (华佗) and Hua Mulan (花木兰) among those born here. Hua Tuo's Five Animal Exercises (华佗五禽戏), a health routine that imitates the tiger, deer, ape, bear and bird, entered the national intangible heritage list in 2011.

What to see

The Huaxilou (花戏楼), an opera stage covered in openwork brick and wood carving and painted throughout, is a national key cultural relic. Also in the urban area is Cao Cao's underground military tunnel (曹操运兵道), which experts quoted by the province call China's earliest and most complete underground 'Great Wall'. The city also holds the Cao family tombs (曹氏宗族墓群), Huazu'an (华祖庵), Hua Tuo's former home with its herb garden, and the Beiguan quarter (北关历史街区), whose 36 old streets and 72 lanes keep their Ming and Qing look. Guoyang (涡阳) has Laozi's Tianjing Palace (天静宫), and Mengcheng (蒙城) has the Wanfo Pagoda (万佛塔), the Zhuangzi Shrine (庄子祠) and the Yuchisi site (尉迟寺遗址), which the city calls the 'first primitive village'.

Food and local products

At a provincial government press conference in Bozhou, the city's speakers suggested starting the day with beef flatbread (牛肉馍) and a bowl of sa tang (撒汤), and recommended medicinal cuisine and heritage dishes such as Cao Cao fish head (曹操鱼头) and Huazu braised duck (华祖焖鸭). Gujing Gongjiu (古井贡酒) liquor comes from Gujing town (古井镇), where brewing relies on Ming and Qing fermentation pits; the technique joined the national intangible heritage list in 2021. Bozhou grows hundreds of medicinal herbs, notably white peony root (亳白芍), a national geographical-indication product, and the provincial government describes its herb market as the world's largest trading centre for Chinese medicinal materials.

Sources for this guide

历史文化名城——亳州_安徽省人民政府 · Anhui Provincial People's Government

古井贡酒_安徽省人民政府 · Anhui Provincial People's Government

华佗五禽戏 - 中国非物质文化遗产网·中国非物质文化遗产数字博物馆 · China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network (ihchina.cn)

蒸馏酒传统酿造技艺(古井贡酒酿造技艺) - 中国非物质文化遗产网·中国非物质文化遗产数字博物馆 · China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network (ihchina.cn)

亳州市 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书 · Wikipedia (Chinese) · CC BY-SA 4.0

“大美安徽·看亳州”新闻发布会 · Information Office of the Anhui Provincial People's Government (Anhui News)

Original English written from the listed sources and checked sentence by sentence against quoted extracts by a separate reviewer. Updated 2026-09-30.

Explore Bozhou

Core places to explore, with English and Chinese names.

Places to explore around Bozhou

Local life & food

Bozhou local specialties

亳州市特色美食 · 10 specialties to discover

Bozhou beef-filled flatbread · 亳州牛肉馍 · AI dish illustrationBozhou beef-filled flatbread 亳州牛肉馍AI illustration · AI 示意图

The crust is crisp and substantial, while inner layers hold moist, savory beef and aromatic seasonings. It is more filling than a thin pancake.

Source ↗Read the dish guide →
Cao Cao chicken · 曹操鸡 · AI dish illustrationCao Cao chicken 曹操鸡AI illustration · AI 示意图

The skin becomes soft and flavorful, and the meat should separate readily from the bones. It is a rich savory poultry dish rather than a crisp roast.

Source ↗Read the dish guide →
Golden fried beef-filled flatbread cooking on a round street-stall griddleBeef-Filled Flatbread 牛肉馍

Beef-Filled Flatbread (牛肉馍) is a large round pie of thin dough layers rolled around minced beef, a local snack of Qiaocheng District (谯城区) in Bozhou (亳州), Anhui.

Read the dish guide →
Photo: 三猎 · CC BY-SA 4.0
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AI illustration: A shallow bowl of cooked wheat noodles with a modest brown savory dressing.Guoyang Dry-Tossed Noodles 涡阳干扣面AI illustration · AI 示意图(仅供参考,非实拍)

Guoyang Dry-Tossed Noodles (涡阳干扣面) are drained alkaline wheat noodles turned out over a bed of blanched bean sprouts and seasonings, from Guoyang County (涡阳) in Bozhou, Anhui.

Read the dish guide →
AI illustration: A ceramic bowl of light savory soup with small pale cooked morsels.Mengcheng Peppery Sa Soup 蒙城撒汤AI illustration · AI 示意图(仅供参考,非实拍)

Mengcheng Peppery Sa Soup (蒙城撒汤) is listed among the local specialties of Bozhou, Anhui. The term 汤 points to soup.

Read the dish guide →
Lixin Tribute Bread (利辛贡馍) — dish photographLixin Tribute Bread 利辛贡馍

Lixin Tribute Bread (利辛贡馍) is listed among the local specialties of Bozhou, Anhui. It is grouped here with street food & snacks; retain the complete Chinese name when comparing local menus.

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Photo: Source photographer · License not provided
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Bozhou Thick Baked Flatbread (亳州锅盔) — dish photographBozhou Thick Baked Flatbread 亳州锅盔

Bozhou Thick Baked Flatbread (亳州锅盔) is a very large, thick round of sesame-topped bread from Bozhou (亳州), Anhui.

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Photo: Source photographer · License not provided
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Yimen Smoked Beef (义门熏牛肉) — dish photographYimen Smoked Beef 义门熏牛肉

Yimen Smoked Beef (义门熏牛肉) is a speciality of Yimen town (义门镇) in Guoyang County (涡阳县), Bozhou (亳州), Anhui: beef that is cured for days, steamed for hours and finally passed through oil.

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Photo: Source photographer · License not provided
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All dish names · 全部菜名 (10)

More dishes from across Anhui are in the Anhui food guide.

EXPLORE THE NEXT LEVEL

Counties & districts in Bozhou

4 areas belong directly to Bozhou.

4 areas

Plan your visit

Build your route

Huaxilou and Tianjing Palace are both listed here. The linked place guides have entrance and visit details.

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More in Anhui

Sources & geographic information

Administrative names and parent areas: Official geographic directory · Reference date 2026-09-06.

Some facts checked against 亳州市 — Wikipedia contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Photo: Huaxilou · Windmemories · CC BY-SA 4.0. Full frame retained; proportionally resized and converted to WebP. No retouching or changes to the photographed subject. Card displays may crop the view.

Photo: Tianjing Palace · Source photographer · License not provided. EXIF orientation normalized; resized without changing aspect ratio; converted to WebP. No subject edits.

Photo: Bozhou Museum · 三猎 · CC BY-SA 4.0. Full frame retained; proportionally resized and converted to WebP. No retouching or changes to the photographed subject. Card displays may crop the view.

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